几道语法题
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]In 1981 children in the United States spent an average[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] household [u]chores; by1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week[/u].[/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]A.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] a week[/size][/font][/align]
B.[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] six hours aweek[/size][/font]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]C.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] spent in 1997[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]D.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]E.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left]答案是B，我选的D，B中怎么可以用过去完成时呢？1997年在1981年后啊！望高人指教是不是答案错了？！[/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]Trans World Entertainment Corporation, which owns[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] the Record Town and Saturday Matineeretail chains,[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] announced[u] that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed.[/u][/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] [/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]A.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]that since sales of up toone-fourth of its stores[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] are poor,they will be closed.[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]B.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]it is closing up toone-fourth of its stores, which[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] accountedfor its poor sales[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]C.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]it was closing up to onefourth of its stores[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] because of poor sales.[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]D.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]to be closing, on account of poor sales, up to one-fourthof its stores.[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]E.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]having poor sales, such that up to one-fourth of [/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]i[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]ts stores will be closed.[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left]答案选C，我选的A，announce后面的that可以省列？[/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]Traffic safety officials predict that drivers will[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] be [u]equally likely to exceed the proposed speedlimit as[/u] the current one.[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]A.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]equally likely to exceed the proposed speed[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] limit as[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]B.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]C.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]equally likely that they will exceed the proposed[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] speed limitas[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]D.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]as likely that they will exceed the proposed[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] speed limit as[/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]
[/size][/font][/align][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]E.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]as likely to exceed the proposed speed limit[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] as they are[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]答案选E，不明白为什么可以直接用they are,这里的they指的是drivers，到底后面省了什么？[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]Drawing on her roots in a society that has a strong tradition ofstory-telling and oral renditions of the past, Indian writer Suniti Namjoshiincorporates many types of literature into her [u]writing: including historicaltexts, legends, and even nursery rhymes from both Indian as well as[/u] European sources.[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]A.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]writing: including historical texts, legends, and evennursery rhymes from both Indian as well as[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]B.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]writing: historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymesfrom both Indian and[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]C.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]writing: these include historical texts, legends, and evennursery rhymes from both Indian and[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]D.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]writing, which includes historical texts, legends, and evennursery rhymes both from Indian as well as[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]E.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]writing that includes historical texts, legends, and evennursery rhymes both from Indian and[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left]答案选B，我觉得E好象比较顺一点，冒号可以用这样的用法吗？是为何呢？简洁？我觉得E表达的更清楚。[/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, [u]prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of [/u]boundaries in the oceancreated by water layers of[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] different temperatures and densities.[/size][/font][/align]
[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]A.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of[/size][/font]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]B.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]prevented from having itsacoustic energy dissipated by[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]C.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]D.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] a result of[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]E.[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by[/size][/font][/align]
[align=left]答案选C，确实没有比C更正确的看来，但C这算什么语法现象呢？可以这样不加任何连词来表达吗？
[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt][/size][/font][/align]
[[i] 本帖最后由 rick_wry 于 2008-5-17 22:59 编辑 [/i]] [color=DarkGreen]In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household [u]chores; by1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week[/u].
A. chores; by 1997 they had spent nearly six hours a week
B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours aweek
C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997
D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997
E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997
答案是B，我选的D，B中怎么可以用过去完成时呢？1997年在1981年后啊！望高人指教是不是答案错了？！[/color]
B 没有错的。虽然通常 past perfect 是指过去的过去，但是在这里这样用法是对的，因为这句话是在 1997 年后说的。如果是在 1997 年说，那就应该用 present perfect，但从句子可以看出不是 1997 年的话，因为如果是 1997 年就应该说 by now 而不是说 by 1997。既然不能用 present perfect，那就用 past perfect。如果用 simple past 的话就有点不自然。这纯粹是语感问题。（正是为此，我才所以常常强调不要拘泥语法规例。）
D 是不对的，因为 compared with 不妥，这里应该用 compared to。不过就算用 compared to，说成这个样子也是不够 elegant。 [color=DarkGreen]Trans World Entertainment Corporation, which owns the Record Town and Saturday Matinee retail chains, announced [u]that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed[/u].
A. that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed
B. it is closing up to one-fourth of its stores, which accountedfor its poor sales
C. it was closing up to one-fourth of its stores because of poor sales
D. to be closing, on account of poor sales, up to one-fourthof its stores
E. having poor sales, such that up to one-fourth of its stores will be closed
答案选C，我选的A，announce后面的that可以省列？[/color]
那个 that 是 announced 的宾语，所以可以省略。
A 不对是因为 they will be closed 那个 they 有点口齿不清。通常这种分句的主语要指代前面分句的主语。但是这里的主语是 sales，而 they 却是指 stores，所以有点突兀。还有，sales of 这里不对，因为意思是卖去四分之一的支店。如果要表达这句的意思，应该说 sales in up to one-fourth of its stores。还有，sales in up to one-fourth of its stores 很累赘，一点也不自然。 [color=DarkGreen]Traffic safety officials predict that drivers will be [u]equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as[/u] the current one.
A. equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as
B. equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are
C. equally likely that they will exceed the proposed speed limitas
D. as likely that they will exceed the proposed speed limit as
E. as likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are
答案选E，不明白为什么可以直接用they are,这里的they指的是drivers，到底后面省了什么？[/color]
只要把两个 as 的分句写出来就知道省略了什么了：
drivers will be likely to exceed the proposed speed limit
they are [color=Blue]likely to exceed[/color] the current one [color=DarkGreen]Drawing on her roots in a society that has a strong tradition of story-telling and oral renditions of the past, Indian writer Suniti Namjosh iincorporates many types of literature into her [u]writing: including historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymes from both Indian as well as[/u] European sources.
A. writing: including historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymes from both Indian as well as
B. writing: historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymes from both Indian and
C. writing: these include historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymes from both Indian and
D. writing, which includes historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymes both from Indian as well as
E. writing that includes historical texts, legends, and even nursery rhymes both from Indian and
答案选B，我觉得E好象比较顺一点，冒号可以用这样的用法吗？是为何呢？简洁？我觉得E表达的更清楚。[/color]
B 这样用冒号是因为后面是说明 many types of literature 的。
E 不对因为应该用 , which 而不是用 that。这是语法层面的错误。在语义方面，既然说 incorporates many types of literature 就应该列举各种形式的写作，而不是再说 includes，因为这样重复了 incorporates。
回复 4# Asrgbf 的帖子
可是这样表达好吗？我觉得这样造成的歧义也太容易混淆了。我觉得GWD的题目和GMAT的考试宗旨出入蛮大的，这几道有点像高考题了。 [color=DarkGreen]Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, [u]prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of[/u] boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different temperatures and densities.
A. prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of
B. prevented from having itsacoustic energy dissipated by
C. its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
D. its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
E. preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by
答案选C，确实没有比C更正确的看来，但C这算什么语法现象呢？可以这样不加任何连词来表达吗？[/color]
C 不是分句，只是词组，所以不用连词就可以放在后面做主分句的解释。 [quote]原帖由 [i]rick_wry[/i] 于 2008-5-18 10:31 发表 [url=http://e.taisha.org/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=11562586&ptid=1047853][img]http://e.taisha.org/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
可是这样表达好吗？我觉得这样造成的歧义也太容易混淆了。
我觉得GWD的题目和GMAT的考试宗旨出入蛮大的，这几道有点像高考题了。 [/quote]
没有歧义的。这是惯用的表达方法，很地道的。 非常感谢！ 最后一个选E ::18
Trans World Entertainment Corporation, which owns the Record Town and Saturday Matinee retail chains, announced that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed.
A.that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed.
B.it is closing up to one-fourth of its stores, which accounted for its poor sales
C.it was closing up to one fourth of its stores because of poor sales.
D. to be closing, on account of poor sales, up to one-fourth of its stores.
D.having poor sales, such that up to one-fourth of its stores will be closed.
我认为Answer: D，that怎么能省！！
D很ok
Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the oceancreated by water layers of different temperatures and densities.
A.prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of
B.prevented from having itsacoustic energy dissipated by
C.its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
D.its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
E.preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by
这个应该选E吧，伴随
回复 11# Jerven 的帖子
Trans World 那题 D 是不对的。 announced to be closing 是用一个 infinitive phrase 来做宾语，但是 announce 的宾语不能这样，一定要用 clause 或是名词词组。That 做宾语时是可以省略的，虽然我自己不省。Sound 那题 E 不对因为后面跟着的是 by water layers，那就表明是被动式，所以前面不能用 preventing，必须用 prevented。 [quote]原帖由 [i]Asrgbf[/i] 于 2008-5-18 10:34 发表 [url=http://www.taisha.org/bbs/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=11562612&ptid=1047853][img]http://www.taisha.org/bbs/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different temperatures and densi ... [/quote]
我想问一个关于
[align=left][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]GWD26-Q37的问题 C选项中[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by 是否是一个独立主格修饰?? 它万全符合独立主格的样子[/size][/font][/size][/font][/align][/align] [quote]原帖由 [i]Asrgbf[/i] 于 2008-5-18 10:34 发表 [url=http://www.taisha.org/bbs/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=11562612&ptid=1047853][img]http://www.taisha.org/bbs/images/common/back.gif[/img][/url]
Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different temperatures and densi ... [/quote]
::z1 还有一个问题请指教: E中用主动逻辑意思也是说得过去的啊.
[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]preventing[/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt] (可以表伴随结果,因为主句 [color=red][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt][color=darkorchid]Sound [/color][/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt][color=darkorchid]can travel sound[/color]应该可以作为动作发出者嘛 [/size][/font])[/color]its acoustic energy from dissipating [/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]by 这里by可以表通过...方式相当于原文的[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt][color=#000000]
as a result of.
[align=left][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]原句: Sound [/size][/font][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]can travel through water for enormous distances, [u]prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of [/u][color=green]boundaries[/color] in the ocean[color=green] created by[/color] water layers of[/size][/font]
[font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]different temperatures and densities.原句里的created by也是修饰的boundaries啊[/size][/font][/align][/align][align=left][align=left][font=Tahoma][size=9.5pt]::z8 好难啊,我一团糊了[/size][/font][/align][/align][/color][/size][/font][/size][/font]
回复 3# Asrgbf 的帖子
Trans World Entertainment Corporation, which owns the Record Town and Saturday Matinee retail chains, announced that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed.A. that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed
B. it is closing up to one-fourth of its stores, which accountedfor its poor sales
C. it was closing up to one-fourth of its stores because of poor sales
D. to be closing, on account of poor sales, up to one-fourthof its stores
E. having poor sales, such that up to one-fourth of its stores will be closed
答案选C，我选的A，announce后面的that可以省列？
不太明白，that什么时候不能省略？怎么看出来它是在作宾语呢？
回复 15# casay333 的帖子
首先这题很明显是过去时态么...至于that是否能省略的问题
像这样的宾语从句that可以省的
名次性从句作主语不能省
定语从句的修饰成分在句中如果是主语不可省that
是宾语的话可以省 [size=12px]Trans World Entertainment Corporation, which owns the Record Town and Saturday Matinee retail chains, announced that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed.[/size]
[size=12px]A. that since sales of up to one-fourth of its stores are poor, they will be closed
B. it is closing up to one-fourth of its stores, which accountedfor its poor sales
C. it was closing up to one-fourth of its stores because of poor sales
D. to be closing, on account of poor sales, up to one-fourthof its stores
E. having poor sales, such that up to one-fourth of its stores will be closed[/size][size=12px]
[/size]THAT做宾语可以省略是不是定语从句里的事情？。。。。。。这里的好象是宾语从句吧？白勇说宾语从句THAT不能省略
回复 2# Asrgbf 的帖子
关于这个D选项能不能再解释清楚下，那个compared with 和compared to 的问题，谢谢回复 17# alex6219 的帖子
宾语从句that可以省的呀你说不能省的证据是白勇？白勇是什么？根据实际情况么
回复 18# 七小Q 的帖子
compared with 在这里不能用，要用 compared to。这只是习惯问题，没有理由的。[[i] 本帖最后由 Asrgbf 于 2009-9-25 07:24 编辑 [/i]]
回复 20# Asrgbf 的帖子
话说因为我们英语的所知有限感觉compared to就是比喻的意思
compared with比较
这个题目里感觉实在比较么所以自然觉得compared with对
compared to完全没有理由 compared with 我从来都不这样用的。有没有人用还是个大问题！
回复 22# Asrgbf 的帖子
再次崩溃...compared with不是挺常见的用法么... 这是 [i]American Heritage Dictionary[/i] 的 Usage Note:Usage Note: Compare usually takes the preposition to when it refers to the activity of describing the resemblances between unlike things: He compared her to a summer day. Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer. It takes with when it refers to the act of examining two like things in order to discern their similarities or differences: The police compared the forged signature with the original. The committee will have to compare the Senate's version of the bill with the version that was passed by the House. When compare is used to mean "to liken (one) with another," with is traditionally held to be the correct preposition: That little bauble is not to be compared with (not to) this enormous jewel. But to is frequently used in this context and is not incorrect.
我看是英语正在变，所以现在我们都是用 compare to 的。 鉴于 [i]American Heritage Dictionary[/i] 所说，那我以前所说 compared with 搭配不对的话就错了。（不过我自己还是不会去这样用的，总是觉得太刺耳了。）但是纵使不因为这样排除，D 还是不对的。这是：
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997.
这里后面这样加 compared with a figure . . . 就是不顺，不像 B 那样顺口：
In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week.
为什么 D 会令人觉得不顺？那是因为把先发生的事拿来与后来发生的事比较，而一般表达不是这样的。B 就没有这个毛病，因为不是在比较 1981 年与 1997 年，而只是说 1997 年的状况。 刚才我问我的改稿人。他说他从来不用 compared with 的。他也和我一样，看到 compared with 就觉得错。所以你们在词典那里看到的可能是旧式英语，现在已经不是这样用的了。 我感觉全中国都一直在这么用...xdf这样的培训机构也是这么强调
唉~ 感谢A大。D为什么错呢
Traffic safety officials predict that drivers will be equally likely to exceed the proposed speedlimit as the current one.
A.equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as
B.equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are
C.equally likely that they will exceed the proposed speed limitas
D.as likely that they will exceed the proposed speed limit as
E.as likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are
回复 28# babybluejia 的帖子
D 错因为 as likely 后面要跟 to 的，不能这样直接跟一个分句。页:
[1]