急寻ARGUMENT的WORD翻译版本-----在线等(页 1) - GRE作文 - GRE作文资源集中营 - 太傻超级论坛

vvpanyiyu 发表于 2003-8-25 17:45

急寻ARGUMENT的WORD翻译版本-----在线等

PDF格式的打不开] C0Ow g
谢谢大家了[wtuE
我的EMAIL是vvpanyiyu@163.com

我要去美国 发表于 2003-8-25 18:03

急寻ARGUMENT的WORD翻译版本-----在线等

急呀，我也想要啊。3lOt9f x\
ARGUMENT所有题目的翻译啊~~~~~~~~~谢谢了呀~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$}S])Zs#ML9^
谢谢谢谢1！！！！！！！！！！！！！

july01 发表于 2003-8-25 20:56

急寻ARGUMENT的WORD翻译版本-----在线等

你去满分的精华去看看，有个新东方的版本很好的

我要去美国 发表于 2003-8-26 05:29

急寻ARGUMENT的WORD翻译版本-----在线等

谁能把它帖出来，我马上给他加威望！！！！！！！！！！！！

hedan 发表于 2003-8-27 01:29

急寻ARGUMENT的WORD翻译版本-----在线等

Issue题库和翻译
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   When you take the analytical writing section of the GRE General Test, you
   will be presented with two Issue topics from this pool. Because the
   wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is
   presented here, you should read your test topics carefully and respond to
   the wording as it appears in the actual test.
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Present your perspective on the issue below, using relevant reasons and/or
   examples to support your views.
   1. "We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than
   from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress
   and inhibit learning."
   通常，我们从与我们意见相同的人身上学到的要比从那些与我们意见相悖的人身上学的东西要多得多；（因为）意见不统一会带来压力并且阻碍学习。 Zhc"I_Rig
   统一与分歧之（与我们）持相同意见者和持不同意见者对学习的作用eI^'M x` KU)c,jq
   意见相同可以鼓励人们学习的积极性，人们更愿意从和自己意见相同的人身上学习；使人们盲目自信，看不到自己的缺点而阻碍进步，和自己相同的人知识面有限制1CP%N)u'vJ'uk
   意见不同可以找出学习中的不足；打击人们的信心，带来压力阻碍进步"B2h;~4g'CN"fpM
   ------------------------------
   2. "Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to 8si YxOj
society."
   归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。k;m9tlMB8iOJ-w
   竞争对于社会的优点和缺点
   竞争可以
   ------------------------------
   3. "It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social
   problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future
   generations."
   与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。
   当务之急和百年大计的关系
   ------------------------------
   4. "No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring !Z6Nc%GV
   their knowledge and experience to that field of study."H w8n"}"W
   在任何一个研究领域当中，除非有该领域之外的人引进他们的知识和经验，否则该领域就很难获得巨大的发展。j)K:a@*tZF h
   Outsider: a person does not belong to a particular group&R8Yy2z+{
   闭门造车，旁观者清
   ------------------------------
   5. "A nation should require all its students to study the same national
   curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different :J1v,J6D6Xp_M
   parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer." yRs.B8D[,c`d4l
   一个国家应该要求所有的学生在进入大学之前都学习由国家统一制定的课程，而不是允许由国家不同地区的学校去决定课程的安排。3`Qrt0V1Yw/DO
   国家统一和地区单独安排课程Q$Wv)G;j'lTvwa
   ------------------------------
   6. "The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to
   analyze the trends of its youth."]U;wub~
   了解当代文明最有效的途径就是去分析当代年轻人的潮流。
   文明潮流和年轻人潮流的关系。
   ------------------------------
   7. "The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of
   contemporary life that it has become a more important form of
   documentation than written records." :}.y1TM O)F4dae
   摄像机可以通过如此精确而有力的记录手段来再现当代生活，因此它已经代替书面记录成为了一种更重要的记录手段。U&g U5urUd
   记录手段：现代摄像机和印刷术
   ------------------------------
   8. "It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to
   withhold information from the public." A9Qy HM8I
   对于政治领导者来说，向人民大众隐瞒信息通常是必要的，甚至有益的。
   少数和多数的关系之true lies, the truth is out there.*~S%d4p0Q#X&P$XR9^
   ------------------------------
   9. "Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that
   scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a vt2lY`i|G
   wider audience, their ideas will have little use."
   近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响等大范围的人群，否则他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。 ?5~O h3oAe"[!Ac
   过分专业化问题 overspecializationw6^Q`(bk}{
   ------------------------------ ;b6?T:Rv6{'V.BM
   10. "Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial ']lj3v]
   support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities 7pwQ/C \
   that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated." ?!vkyz{i
   政府必须要确保主要城市发展所需的财政支持，因为一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以保存和发展。`X y4JAN-J
   城市和国家的关系之文化传统w"E^DoU
   ------------------------------ ZrK+r l.R C
   11. "All nations should help support the development of a global jN+}5S#}7m`_
   university designed to engage students in the process of solving the /@a9? j5s_
   world's most persistent social problems." ND~ Rx qd:uu
   所有的国家都应该支持发展一所全球性的大学，它的主要目的是要让学生们致力于解决世界上最难缠的社会问题。
   全球化问题之全球解难大学
   ------------------------------
   12. "People's attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation
   or surroundings than by any internal characteristic." /Rpj!h!`
   人们的态度更多的是由临时的情况或者环境所决定，而非人们自身的特点。*A7}f"w7ea"Q
   心理问题之冲动和可预测
   ------------------------------
   13. "Many of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer
   and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these \@fXd,] Y'q
   languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming
   extinct."
   世界上很多的小语种都快要消失了，因为越来越少的人在使用这些语言。使用这些小语种的国家应该采取行动以防止这样的语言逐渐销声匿迹。gn[5M(y,YD)T
   反全球化问题之小语种与政府保护
   ------------------------------
   14. "It is necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, mythology and _DqW*O*F
   other types of imaginative literature."
   每个人都应该阅读诗歌、小说、神话以及各种各样的想象文学。
   想象文学与人 jKm6eEj
   ------------------------------
   15. "The stability of a society depends on how it responds to the extremes Uo.m`Y[N7iB
   of human behavior." A:v&Q{Fqkp2BA
   一个社会的稳定取决于该社会对人们极端行为所作出的反应。{ `'}vUX!_6WWl
   抽象型题目+^(o'kb,\]DEr5K;Q
   ------------------------------
   16. "Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of
   contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent
   people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals." ,{ p'}U x"~g:c
   尽管许多人认为现代生活的奢华和便利是丝毫没有坏处的，但是这实际上让人们无法成为真正强大和独立的个体。?C~o*Or
   社会和个人之发展问题
   ------------------------------
   17. "There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a :a1Z|b#E
   society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, 1Y+` AyZK:nY
   to disobey and resist unjust laws." F/yXB1p
   有两种法律：公正的和不公正的。每个社会成员都有责任遵守公正的法律，但是更重要的是，更应该不遵守和反抗不公正的法律。/VK0X"n+_w(yA(c5m
   社会和个人之法律公正么？
   ------------------------------
   18. "Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and ;SP!XBhw5^
   contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of that D6D4w N|R[?z
   idea."1gA(\)s/QnHO
   只有通过排除异议和对照其他的观点来捍卫一个理念，人们才能真正的发现该理念的价值所在。f ZW"]+~AS
   ------------------------------
   19. "If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before
   the well-being of its individual citizens."
   如果一个社会要繁荣就必须将社会整体的成败置于单个社会成员的幸福之上。
   少数和多数之成功
   ------------------------------
   20. "National governments should devote more of their social programs and
   services to children than to adults."
   任何一个国家的政府都应该为孩子而不是为成人建设更多的社会项目和服务。
   孩子和成人之社会建设
   ------------------------------
   21. "Reform is seldom brought about by people who are concerned with their
   own reputation and social standing. Those who are really in earnest about d ib5ak&n
   reforming a government, an educational system, or any other institution /X)?mW2c
   must be willing to be viewed with disdain by the rest of the world."
   改革几乎从来都不是由那些关心自己声誉和社会地位的人发起的。那些真正热衷于政府改革、教育改革和其他机构改革的人们一定都是甘于被他人轻视的。aCW7NZh9x?
   沽名钓誉
   distain:
   ------------------------------ "ku+wo9}[:@
   22. "Many people believe that a few individuals or small groups (family, ^)e\ tm|F6]%@f7ey
   friends, teachers, celebrities, for example) have caused them to think and ~1R+]Ea,gP+K
   behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that
   defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals."
   很多人认为只是一些个人或者小团体（比如家庭、朋友、老师、名人）促成了他们的思维和行动。其实一直以来不是一些个人而是社会作为一个整体在定义我们和我们的态度。
   少数和多数之定义人生8H#gi.i%y.ob
   ------------------------------G\ R)rl~!X
   23. "Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual VK F!E|
   information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of
   fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger 3Ne,w!@*UP9{ V(D0?
   issues and overall perspectives."
   现代技术使获得大量细节信息成为可能。其结果是人们全神贯注于七零八碎的信息而很少去注意更大的问题和全局。'o)RHRk j
   少数和多数之细节信息0q4zZ3G/@\
   ------------------------------ #Z5B+SS1LE N
   24. "People in positions of power are most effective when they exercise ~h!_M{1Ap
   caution and restraint in the use of that power."\O$r h!K3de!L
   当掌握权力的人们试图小心而节制的使用权力时，他们是最有效率的。)W|k^"s kz
   过犹不及5K}b"mi }s/A4r`
   ------------------------------ [+r G6J6dZzL
   25. "Anyone can make things bigger and more complex. What requires real IGOu)B8C
   effort and courage is to move in the opposite direction—in other words, to
   make things as simple as possible." _&]+E7Ev5s;u
   任何人都可以把事情简单复杂化，但是需要真正努力和勇气的恰恰相反，也就是说应该把事情变得尽可能的简单。
   复杂和简单
   ------------------------------
   26. "Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of k4vG;{B.hJp
   any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on
   ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes.
   In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the
   preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be
   served."
   大多数人都同意一个社会的建筑物代表了它有价值的历史纪录，但是当现代规划者们觉得这些以前的建筑物所占据的土地可以被更有价值的使用于新目的时，就产生了争议，现代发展应该比保留历史建筑物更受重视以便于满足眼下的需求。
   过去和现在之建筑物1P:])`,[ v;w_Z\u
   ------------------------------%b"@A$Z e[1u
   27. "No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to og\SRt
   conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking."z}i/A"H3JK1q
   这个世界上没有人能够靠墨守陈规（行动或者思维上的）而获得成功。7gsP5O&O$] x:A9c
   新手和老手之墨守成规和成功)O-L.uj,xcC/c6~
   ------------------------------
   28. "Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ,ULe)SW"]:S
   ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who
   have learned only facts have learned very little."
   学生们在记忆知识的时候应该先学习有助于解释那些知识的理念、潮流和概念。仅仅死学知识的学生是学不到什么东西的。6W:_#c ^4[8\vS
   局部和整体之触类旁通 ?'Dq{)gXm\2As
   ------------------------------ k r'i C7Q:]
   29. "Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should
   expect people to be interested in their private lives. When they seek a
   public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their 0I}8W)Y F0w`-vQx+v
   privacy." clF%K@5}/k#eo[
   像演员、政治家和运动员这样的公众人物应该预料到大众会对他们的私生活感兴趣。当他们希望受人瞩目的时候就应该至少预期到会失去一些隐私（被大众得知一些隐私）。7E`#@ YeI#N2L f&p
   少数和多数之公众人物的隐私{ {zR`y
   ------------------------------
   30. "The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase 6O&PU)Fq+`%},}X{
   people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time." _Auz;X6p!E
   技术进步的首要目标应该是提高人们的效率以便于每个人都享有更多的闲暇时光。
   技术进步之空闲时刻
   ------------------------------ .FT,pc1BT&W:C;o
   31. "Money spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when V~8X5M2uw9f@
   the results of that research are controversial." 8Z5h,|:w WZe%\
   花在研究上的资金基本上都是不错的投资，即使研究的结果是有争议的。
   现实和理想
   ------------------------------
   32. "A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all ;p%B|\8qD
   disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in
   the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in 6L$x\;pf ['I0l
   mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside
   of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do
   specialists in the arts." hok2k{5e"A&W
   不管在校园外不同领域之间薪水的差异有多大，学校对于所有学科老师的待遇应该是一视同仁的。比如，低年级的数学和美术老师应该享有同样的收入，即便在校外，数学专家的收入一般是要比艺术家高得多。
   孤立的校园lC!f~{DUP
   ------------------------------ 9xI3B(sH!~
   33. "Creating an appealing image has become more important in contemporary VP)?$\'["d?
   society than is the reality or truth behind that image." )sy'_'i'qG4gy_
   在当代社会，打造一个引人入胜的外表已经变得比外表下的内容更加重要了。wf&tfzop
   外表和内容
   ------------------------------
   34. "Instead of requiring students to take courses in a variety of Z6B7h:QG)F
   disciplines—that is, courses ranging from the arts and the humanities to
   the physical and biological sciences—colleges and universities should g$hl3VF4V S)V4Y
   allow students to enroll only in those courses that will help prepare them
   for jobs in their chosen fields. Such concentration is necessary in
   today's increasingly work-oriented society."
   与其要求学生们选修各种各样的学科——从艺术和人文科学到物理和生物科学——大学还不如允许学生们仅仅去选择那些有助于他们今后工作的学科。这种集中在当今这个工作至上的社会是必要的。;X+E0j'ng
   少数和多数之学科
   ------------------------------ dn0kA-Qi
   35. "No matter what the situation, it is more harmful to compromise one's JZPrn|
   beliefs than to adhere to them." R Q7P$}ft
   无论在什么样的情况下，折衷自己的信仰要比坚持有害。
   信仰0s+s+U"m8t`(Z
   ------------------------------
   36. "The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live
   after them, not by their contemporaries."
   一个人是否伟大是由后人评定的而非他同时代的人。
   时间先后
   ------------------------------ jq7An({*N'^"oa
   37. "In most societies, competition generally has more of a negative than "dCk]x[X
   a positive effect."
   在大多数社会中，竞争一般是弊多利少。
   利多弊少之竞争
   ------------------------------ 2M"y;U E1{:y+~i
   38. "In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it
   once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by LS?+g2yd"j
   reading books."
   电视时代的读书已经不像以前那么重要了。人们通过看电视学到的和他们读书所能学到的一样多。|%fIZ2R`S
   现代技术之电视和读书{,J@Xu*I'S$T4t|-k
   ------------------------------
   39. "The intellectual benefits of attending a university or college are AW;{p/{Oa-e
   vastly overrated: most people could learn more by studying and reading on `M*T;JU K"@d
   their own for four years than by pursuing a university or college degree."
   大学学习的好处被过分的高估了：大多数人如果通过研究和阅读的方式自学四年的话，会比追求一个大学学位学到的更多。ke:yR3g
   大学和自学h4D8gh;?jdfYc
   ------------------------------
   40. "Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their
   work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that 5}!} ?}Z
   they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic
   those interests may seem." 8JB'qP9m)wokY
   我们不应该仅仅关注学者和研究者的著作能否对社会做出贡献。更重要的是关注他们如何追求实现自己的兴趣，无论那些兴趣显得是多么的非同寻常。:N)](VE,[ c-j'V$dY
   少数和多数之科学家,t"v IS1\%K T
   ------------------------------ 3O$v/v*Y"d6|
   41. "Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling,
   and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by
   satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science." DlI:u(@8Wf/],yo
   研究界的一些非主流领域，比如星象学、占卜术和意念及超自然探索，在社会中起到了很重要的作用，因为它们满足了人们无法从主流科学获得的需求。@7q.x/n6M G|?a
   少数和多数之非主流学科
   ------------------------------
   42. "Because learning is not a solitary activity but one that requires
   collaboration among people, students of all ages will benefit academically (R4A*C}bCpsQ)F:U
   if they work frequently in groups."
   由于学习不是一种孤立的行为而是需要人们之间合作的，所以各种年龄的学生如果经常小组学习的话就会在学术上受益匪浅。,W'W%z;d"v.\@1`X
   少数和多数之学习小组
   ------------------------------
   43. "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the
   highest ethical and moral standards." |kf8u*ocn2M
   一个公仆如果想成为一位杰出的领导者就必须保持最高的伦理和道德标准。
   政治家题目（24）
   ------------------------------ A+r`La
   44. "Government should not fund any scientific research whose 0RT,cqd\@3f
   consequences, either medical or ethical, are unclear."
   政府不应该资助任何后果不明的科学研究，无论是医学方面还是伦理方面的。 [jZ6r2_^#u-_M
   政府和科研)oOG v2i1N%Yd*dg-u
   ------------------------------ -wPJf&s cCn
   45. "Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than
   unquestioningly carrying out the will of the people whom they serve."V4gn;X-O;|~.I
   政府官员应该依靠自己的判断而不是不管三七二十一的遵从人民的意愿。W1l1vn8h2X#y
   少数和多数，政府i.RS#Pi+wV
   ------------------------------
   46. "While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas ,I,Z P6]|Z$t'q
   attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a
   society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling F5_'ox#I p
   in them a sense of cooperation." {8O(VuPf M
   当政府、体育界、工业界和其他领域中的一些领导者将他们的成功归因于一种高度的竞争意识时，一个社会还是应该更好的为那些即将成为领导者的年轻人灌输一种合作的意识。YF _o+S?A
   竞争和合作
   ------------------------------
   47. "Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect—that is, on :n%F X2LK$h(IW4Yi
   reasoning and other cognitive skills."-A5_v8_Ht
   社会对于智力还是重视不够，比如推理和认知的能力。Vn"KNX!hw4uu?X
   独立题目
   ------------------------------ #O,g^@.gP\3\t'T x
   48. "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The ^[ m~]`q{
   most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by
   the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been
   forgotten."
   历史研究过于关注个人。历史上最有意义的事件和潮流能够成为可能不是因为几个少数的名人而是一些身份早就被淡忘的人群。
   少数和多数，精英和大众
   ------------------------------
   49. "Imaginative works such as novels, plays, films, fairy tales, and )\n8U_K:o'GL
   legends present a more accurate and meaningful picture of human experience ]GOau.\0j9sa
   than do factual accounts. Because the creators of fiction shape and focus 3{V&n/Oc q
   reality rather than report on it literally, their creations have a more
   lasting significance."f$|3?k(M#Ak3o
   想象作品，比如小说、戏剧、电影、神话和传奇要比真实的叙事作品更能精确而有意义的展现人类的经历。因为虚构作品的作者们重点刻画现实而不是一板一眼的报道现实，所以他们的创作具有更加深远的意义。a~v2q'K`-t?5o
   想象作品;D3R'SRO7t%[#`t
   ------------------------------ frl2qF.tR4rf3E
   50. "In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and
   university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working
   outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they
   teach."j t(G${U
   为了改善大学的教学质量，所有的教员都应该被要求花一定时间到学术领域以外去参加和他们所教科目相关的工作。7S.qw$CbEL
   孤立的教育
   ------------------------------
   51. "Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically
   designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."RF2j&Mf)EX
   教育只有被专门设计来满足每一个学生个人需求和兴趣的时候才是真正有效率的。+vcyv.Ll
   少数和多数
   ------------------------------ m4{/o9h'R UN&j{C
   52. "Education encourages students to question and criticize, and a]#Z,mqk |AM9_
   therefore does little to promote social harmony."
   教育鼓励学生们提出问题和进行批判，这样做的结果无助于促进社会的和谐。
   教育问题
   ------------------------------ W4HE?J6T&^
   53. "College and university education should be free for all students, X'S|&t,n3}+^
   fully financed by the government." *O,U N'jd?
   大学教育应该对所有学生免费，由政府来全额资助。.x7w^,tq8I3x|\
   教育问题之奖学金m6K3T)jk-fh2I
   ------------------------------
   54. "History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help O*I|[1?-RH
   people to make important decisions today." 7zo JcIa8Y
   历史只教会了我们一件事：了解过去无助于人们今天作出重要的决定。G+fh)c:g#i R
   时间问题之历史不是今天的一面镜子"DS-}O)rUw f+R
   ------------------------------ 5s)BU"K$a(h|CS
   55. "Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning
   at all levels of education." T.T7R#g hqr
   追求高分严重的限制了教育各阶段的学习质量。7U R6a9P$| p
   Grade有评分、分数的意思L2x)@9~S!FD
   教育之分数
   ------------------------------
   56. "Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of \"g[nFF.j E
   today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future."
   政府应该把更多的注意力放在解决当务之急，而不是试图解决将来预期的问题上。
   时间之当务之急和百年大计{DL0\ MJ
   ------------------------------ s?Gq4s$L2Gc
   57. "The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and
   broader than what can be learned from direct experience."
   通过书本获得的知识要比通过直接体验获得的知识要更加丰富和广泛。
   直接经验和间接经验!Q(WR0x:D3E
   ------------------------------ ;Q+[F#b+GW
   58. "The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than /x:cuP-P!U:j2l
   it solves."
   现代生活越来越快的节奏弊多利少。(t8d"{_'@z
   利多弊少题型V(K| DT-H|r@$n
   ------------------------------ 4r9M8}[e%\5k
   59. "Too much emphasis is placed on role models. Instead of copying
   others, people should learn to think and act independently and thus make
   the choices that are best for them."h._%_w\:et
   太多的注意力被放在了模式化方面。与其模仿别人，人们还不如学习独立思考和作出最适合自己的选择。I&|8cq{R
   模式化和独立思考zQ kX;]P\XZ
   ------------------------------
   60. "The media—and society in general—mistakenly expect an individual to W9y/^v A9Q2OR
   speak for a particular group, whether or not that individual truly [/VH0a5OP He:un2{
   represents the views of the entire group."
   媒体和整个社会错误地希望某个人的发言就是代表了某一个特定的群体，无论这个个人是否代表了整个群体的意见。Ju:mMj[.k.g/C
   少数和多数之发表意见
   ------------------------------1VzE3v9Vc9K\
   61. "High-profile awards such as the Nobel Prize are actually damaging to
   society because they suggest that only a few people deserve such R1n,tXh,]5x&yZ6x
   recognition."
   最高荣誉比如诺贝尔奖实际上是在损害社会，因为这种奖项在暗示只有少数人才配得上这样的荣誉。
   少数和多数，精英和大众2u&]6k0So-D?
   ------------------------------
   62. "The widespread idea that people should make self-improvement a
   primary goal in their lives is problematic because it assumes that people
   are intrinsically deficient."
   认为人们应该把自我进步当做是人生头等大事的流行观点是有问题的，因为这样的观点在假设人们是天生就有缺陷的。cS A6t]h/zp
   独立题目8kGa*i*Z{
   ------------------------------qb y;RrC!w1i8J
   63. "To truly understand your own culture—no matter how you define .NUF B!^_|$F|
   it—requires personal knowledge of at least one other culture, one that is
   distinctly different from your own." Y ~3z'AM*|
   为了真正理解你自己的文化——无论你如何地定义它——都至少需要了解另外一种文化，并且该文化与你自己的文化是截然不同的。
   旁观者清)y d#Lm e\7L4_
   ------------------------------'@?n[P Z Oc)\r
   64. "Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the
   best use of it."
   很多人懂得如何去获得成功，但是很少有人知道如何最好的去利用成功。
   Attain and sustain打江山容易，保江山难s9{ N,@]l]R*~Q
   ------------------------------
   65. "People have been so encouraged by society to focus on apparent
   differences that they fail to see meaningful similarities among ideas,
   individuals, and groups." "XHH-C!L
   人们被社会鼓励而将注意力集中于显而易见的差异上，以至于人们已经无法看到各种理念、个人和群体之间的有意义的相似。
   统一和差异{n1Mn,fJ8j0G3c&e
   ------------------------------
   66. "As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the
   ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate." ?5l"L N)Yi0no7X
   当人们变得越来越依赖技术解决问题的时候，人类独立思考的能力将肯定会江河日下。:`#e,}y1C
   技术进步之人和技术2dNPF w"v_ d9S
   ------------------------------ 1j{q7ebs1tPa
   67. "Colleges should require students to engage in public-service ;yl,tcl$q:x
   activities in order to assure that each student receives a balanced, oft Vf
   well-rounded education."
   大学应该要求学生们参加公益活动，这也是为了保证每一个学生都能获得平衡而全面的教育。
   少数和多数之社会实践和全面教育bIld N \
   ------------------------------
   68. "People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and
   mistrust, no matter how valuable their contributions might be." ;iYbZ9_z:e~(R
   人们经常错误的猜疑和不信任专家，无论专家们的贡献是多么的有价值。
   怀疑权威0x*g*N$fF&t
   ------------------------------4iOxA iX
   69. "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific
   research and development" S4L@6f#m
   政府应该少限制科学研究和发展。
   技术之政府限制
   ------------------------------
   70. "In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in 6A I+T|1M;~+h.KVB
   power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for .b Zb:a#P{J,]
   any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership." GT:`9X}B&n$L%H\
   在任何领域中——商业、政治、教育、政府——掌权者应该在五年后就让位。这是任何机构获得成功的最好的方式：通过更新领导者而保持活力。
   新手和老手V4u,quAsc
   ------------------------------ 1ArkT.WJ
   71. "Spending time alone makes one a better companion to others." ?8A$J$G|KP
   学会独自消磨时光会使你更好地成为别人的伙伴。
   人际关系之个人时间和公众时间"JM/u2G7RA'r,iT.V
   ------------------------------7k4z`st7SyD
   72. "One can best understand the most important characteristics of a
   society by studying its major cities."
   人们可以通过研究一个社会的主要城市来了解它最重要的特点。
   少数和多数之以小见大
   ------------------------------
   73. "In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more
   important than knowledge." iO:D8Vz/Pg-e
   在大多数职业和学术领域中，想象力要比知识更加重要。
   想象力和知识（49） EME9m4e*S5@+oN}
   ------------------------------
   74. "The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large
   groups of people is through the use of images, not language."
   和一大群人交流想法或者价值观的最有效方式是图像而非语言。
   独立题目&F#]3KO&RM~IG
   ------------------------------ a.`c k;p9h
   75. "The people who make important contributions to society are generally
   not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted
   at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others."
   对社会做出重要贡献的人往往不是那些发展自己新想法的人，而是那些最善于察觉和整理他人天赋和技术的人。
   承前继后Z$[)`pc2D#|
   ------------------------------ +w5RX!Pk;x;I
   76. "Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of 7b-v'}-g2A} t:i2R6{
   step with their time and their society." |fhGn_~xd s
   真正深刻的思想家和充满创造力的艺术家总是超前于他们所在的时代和社会的。 zGxj:n6{'Z
   另类天才
   ------------------------------]R!X0\"yy
   77. "People today are too individualistic. Instead of pursuing *uD3MR2NL
   self-centered, separate goals, people need to understand that satisfaction
   comes from working for the greater good of the family, the community, or
   society as a whole."
   现在的人们太个人主义了。与其追求以个人为中心和孤立的目标，人们更需要明白满足是源于为家庭、社区或者整个社会的更大利益的服务。c@,k$Y)YU~$F
   少数和多数
   ------------------------------
   78. "Schools should be required to teach the essential interconnectedness
   of all human beings and thus help eliminate wars, cultural clashes, and
   other forms of conflict."
   学校应该被要求去教授存在于所有人之间的重要联系，这样做可以消灭战争、文化冲突和其他形式的纷争。
   分歧和统一
   ------------------------------
   79. "Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other Lc3}U?&KFj"\xs
   government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment
   and perspective than do members of the general public.""p4}4I~0pq6z%^
   主要的决策权应该全部交给政治家和其他的政府专家，他们更加见多识广并且比一般的老百姓具有更好的判断能力和洞察力。
   少数和多数之决策权 XdCEu/V2i7Xk
   ------------------------------
   80. "All students should be required to take courses in the sciences, even
   if they have no interest in science."
   所有的学生都应该被要求去学习科学课程，即使他们对科学毫无兴趣。
   现实和理想之学习与兴趣
   ------------------------------
   81. "Patriotic reverence for the history of a nation often does more to
   impede than to encourage progress." 7Q3j9{Hyp S
   出于爱国对于一个国家的尊崇往往不是促进进步而是阻碍进步。h;Y xO1PJ-g4m z
   沙文主义
   ------------------------------
   82. "Government should never censor the artistic works or historical
   displays that a museum wishes to exhibit."2D Z%D9g:AMR
   政府根本就不应该审查一家博物馆计划展出的艺术作品或者历史陈列。
   政府之艺术
   ------------------------------ o PLR)@|:x8y
   83. "Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their vTt(N2I$ay"V
   natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus ` Q-g@x-I,^0q \6h6A
   accessible to only a few people." !O#j ?-MW}.nd%V
   政府应该保留国家领土中公共拥有的荒凉地区，即使这些地区往往人迹罕至。T!aDx3o!G
   政府之领土
   ------------------------------ ;RM V:L\/q
   84. "In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant
   contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements "d3l$X4]{1V
   within that field."'im@XD7E
   在任何物质领域中，如果不首先接受该领域中过去成就的影响就不可能会有意义重大的成功。
   现在和过去3X_]"I ?$Qj[8@
   ------------------------------
   85. "Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts."
   政府资助艺术会威胁到艺术的完整性。
   政府之艺术+`X-_+VUo
   ------------------------------
   86. "Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic ;bE U(X,i.DaY
   goals rather than seek immediate fame and recognition."e\~0|7\
   年轻人应该被鼓励去寻求长期的现实目标而不是追求眼前的名声。
   现实和将来SZhB q;d
   ------------------------------ hU)FQFf"b
   87. "In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert
   to make important discoveries."
   在所有的研究领域中，新手要比专家更有可能获得重要的发现。 p2HE*c.xx K
   新手和老手
   ------------------------------Z J-H6n ?5Xy^2S
   88. "Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs
   and ethics." %g2RF^Mr"q*`G5W
   技术不仅仅影响而且实际上是决定了社会传统和道德规范。6m BA9B,KX!J3k {X
   技术进步之社会影响'G]bz LX
   ------------------------------ 0`w f~"|E4uZ+a
   89. "Leaders are created primarily by the demands that are placed upon Z AjH/`2R
   them."
   领导者主要是由身负的责任所造就的。
   时势造英雄
   ------------------------------
   90. "College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that c$I5S)f!s6T
   interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job
   market."
   大学学生应该被鼓励去学习他们感兴趣的学科而不是那些容易找工作的学科。
   现实和理想之兴趣
   ------------------------------ k7^Z0kx8{
   91. "Most people think that their deeply held values are the result of dn^a+Da
   rational choice, but reason often has little to do with the way people M9t)j$F&?
   form values."
   大多数人认为他们深信不疑的价值观是理性选择的结果，但是理智往往对于人们形成价值观几乎根本不起作用。[ bPn \2zK1p-g
   理性和感性之价值观
   ------------------------------ ;I)m,KN#t3Z+Z
   92. "In any academic area or professional field, it is just as important
   to recognize the limits of our knowledge and understanding as it is to
   acquire new facts and information."
   在任何学术或者职业领域中，承认我们知识和理解的不足同获取新的知识同等重要。GJ+`MX#i \'z
   自我批评/?9r~.l+?-Jm
   ------------------------------ j5@"Y Z@*@1Z5u-F7o
   93. "The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction.
   Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own $e ru4on$N%e9R
   actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their
   own making."j*[g-\[5?$M&a
   个人责任的概念是一种很必要的虚构。尽管社会必须让个人对他们自己的行为负责，但是人们的行为很大程度上不是自己能够左右的。/P-kuA#IU8rIO
   少数和多数之个人责任
   ------------------------------ I8]:yS-n%ND0m
   94. "Universities should require every student to take a variety of EN_ I*y1hwZ
   courses outside the student's field of study because acquiring knowledge 8hKn&r }XXFG x
   of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated."
   大学应该要求每一个学生在自己专业课外选修各种学科，因为获得各种学科的知识才是获得真正教育的最好途径。
   教育之必修课和选修课
   ------------------------------
   95. "People work more productively in teams than individually. Teamwork 3W&jv.C [
   requires cooperation, which motivates people much more than individual 7P1g,p2_-y*iP%D6e
   competition does."
   人们在团队中工作比独立工作要更加有效率。团队协作需要的合作能够比个人间的竞争更加激励人们。ifH(R|N)[
   竞争和合作之效率
   ------------------------------
   96. "Although, critics who write about the arts tend to deny the existence 1Z'G|l(Z GZ7k
   of any objective standards for evaluating works of art, they have a T`B ei#`5P+M
   responsibility to establish standards by which works of art can be
   judged."
   尽管评论艺术的批评家们倾向于否认存在任何评价艺术作品的客观标准，但他们还是有责任建立用于评判艺术作品的标准。
   独立题目
   ------------------------------+c1Lf|H7PN
   97. "It is unfortunate but true that political decisions and activities XEGE FfxCbA
   affect all aspects of people's lives."
   尽管很不幸，但是这却是真实存在的事实，政治决策和活动影响着人们生活的方方面面。wd:BN%W*Z
   政治和生活
   ------------------------------
   98. "Colleges and universities should offer more courses on popular music,
   film, advertising, and television because contemporary culture has much
   greater relevance for students than do arts and literature of the past."
   大学应该开设更多关于流行音乐、电影、广告和电视的课程，因为当代文化比起过去的文学和艺术与学生们更加息息相关。
   过去和现在之流行课程
   ------------------------------
   99. "In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or Tj!zO5X
   political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an
   idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas
   idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate P-DS4I*?Jv
options."_~4y'G'`
   在任何生活领域中——无论是学术、社会、商业还是政治——获得成功的唯一道路就是采取现实的而不是理想化的观点。实用的行为确保了生存，反之理想化的观点正在趋于被更简化的和更直接的选择所取代。
   理想和现实 G/G*I6NdMw
   ------------------------------ 6e;} pJ{!L*c3A-J.B
   100. "The pressure to achieve high grades in school seriously limits the
   quality of learning. An educational environment without grades would
   promote more genuine intellectual development."I8L$^]I'X9p
   在学校获得高分的压力严重得限制了学习的质量。一个没有分数的教育环境将会促进真正的智力发展。
   Grade连续2次出现，这里不是学历、学位的意思，学历、学位应该是degree。
   教育之分数
   ------------------------------ .G~nU ?kr:|[$O{
   101. "Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can b.n;q'?4x+P
   flourish and be available to all people."
   政府应该为艺术家提供资助以便于艺术能够繁荣发展并且是所有人都能够享受艺术。v8D.WEN2M
   政府和艺术tCTVrQ&\\
   ------------------------------
   102. "For better or worse, education is a process that involves revising
   the ideas, beliefs, and values people held in the past."8W w0ano3[_^)yW7a
   不论好坏，教育是一个修正人们过去所持有的理念、信仰和价值观的过程。
   教育是除旧取新的过程
   ------------------------------
   103. "The study of history has value only to the extent that it is k"w0B zm"}9o
   relevant to our daily lives."
   只有研究和我们日常生活相关的历史才有价值。-mc _&o,O
   历史研究7r!a"ysC(Tx5i9e7nQ
   ------------------------------
   104. "It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to
   perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears." 1g$E0a\0@Xx[
   如果一个文化想要它认为好的理念永世长存而摈弃它厌恶的理念，主要是通过正规的教育。x3r0F,s|?TE*GL O
   教育问题
   ------------------------------ Z0Bpy@`u6v
   105. "The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the #i"DW8ZgU$P
   willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from it's own 3R~0XH {
   citizens." SmU1ZD8N&p&EX{
   一个国家真正的力量可以最好体现在他的政府愿意容忍来自于自己国民的挑战。iNHWn(u
   精英和大众之开明政府d+E;tm'_-b
   ------------------------------ \;f'{&}6A/XM
   106. "All students should be required to take at least one course in Nbi^mb
   ethics, even if taking the course means a decreased emphasis on academic
   subjects."
   所有的学生都应该被要求至少选修一门道德课，即使学这门课意味着会影响学术课程的学习。a*y3b:e5^Y-g L|
   现实和道德
   ------------------------------
   107. "Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty /j1Ce2H.{
   opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop
   thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view."
   即时通讯系统促使人们匆忙的作出判断并很快的给出回答，而不是花时间去形成深思熟虑和理由充分的观点。
   技术进步之即时判断
   ------------------------------
   108. "In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and ^\7CJ)gt
   view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people L]EM Rs
   understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of +hA'v3x&iR}w#f
   government proceedings—trials, debates, meetings, etc—that are televised, _.}$m3I*uG
   the more society will benefit." 3a1`-F0Bp
   在很多国家中，现在通过电视来观看政府的运作已经成为可能。观察这些过程有助于人们了解那些影响他们生活的决策。可以供转播的政府运作越多——审判、辩论、会议等等——对社会的好处就越多。]A&lWQ`Bb\
   政府和大众之电子政府,i*n$M J:J6lU
   ------------------------------ s+l$Cj2XF'Y
   109. "The purpose of many advertisements is to make consumers want to buy
   a product so that they will 'be like' the person in the ad. This practice
   is effective because it not only sells products but also helps people feel
   better about themselves." 5@1lV6u_j
   很多广告的目的是要消费者去购买一件产品以使得消费者们“像”广告中的人物。这类的广告很有效因为它不仅是在销售产品更是在帮助人们自我感觉更好。l@Qa{%|
   广告
   ------------------------------ k:r$VoB:|1X*SQ2T
   110. "When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become k%[*gfVoP
   storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must
   construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a
   creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are %Kk8~g"v-z~
   storytellers." ~"F'}E!h
   当我们通过研究历史来考虑自身问题的时候，我们就会变成说故事的人。因为我们不可能直接了解过去，只有通过解释一些史料来构造历史，所以探索历史更多是一件创造性的事业而不是客观的追寻。所有的历史学家都是讲故事的人。-N4?&U1b \"`G*wf
   ------------------------------ .kk[K2U-Y"n y
   111. "The worldwide distribution of television programs and advertisements
   is seriously diminishing the differences among cultures."
   电视节目和广告的全球性扩张正在严重地消除着不同文化之间的差异。
   全球化之电视/`q[ Fd,L8Mf
   ------------------------------
   112. "Some educational systems emphasize the development of students'
   capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit
   more from an education that also taught them to explore their own sK&[o`~
   emotions."
   一些教育体系强调学生逻辑推理思维能力的发展，但是那些教学生们探究自身情绪的教育对学生们才更有好处。vE2c/{Y*` b;j:Aq
   教育之客观与主观
   ------------------------------ 8mlO*e\|Q
   113. "It is primarily through our identification with social groups that
   we define ourselves."
   如果我们要定位自己最重要是要定位自己所处的社会团体。
   少数和多数之自我定位V }LQ$O
   ------------------------------
   114. "Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. 8Z!e].VS:HK&UtK
   Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of
   humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. 'QILDg
   Technology cannot change the condition of humanity."
   人类在过去的一百年左右止步不前。技术在不断进步而人类的整体条件却没有改善。战争、暴力和贫困仍然困扰着我们。技术无法改变人类的处境。
   技术进步之人类
   ------------------------------ eQ!O'Q3a gh!w
   115. "It is through the use of logic and of precise, careful measurement k9dc(X`,Kp yt @
   that we become aware of our progress. Without such tools, we have no gBep$S
   reference points to indicate how far we have advanced or retreated." ,m/Z,N*^N
   通过逻辑和精确仔细的衡量，我们得以明白自己的进步。如果没有这些手段，我们就没有参考来了解我们进步了多少或者退步了多少。
   技术进步之人类进步
   ------------------------------
   116. "With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and 1q(I2wj;D:J#q
   communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of society—including
   education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly from 7xteZ1\
   international influences." y!YpoKE b$Q;j
   随着全球网络在经济和通讯等领域中的发展，毫无疑问，社会的各个领域——包括教育、政治、、艺术和科学——都会从国际影响中获益匪浅。
   全球化
   ------------------------------
   117. "The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is richer and broader
   than what can be learned from direct experience." 'RSig3h
   从书本中获得的知识要比通过直接经验获得的知识内容更加丰富，范围更加广阔。;b\z2L^2m
   直接经验和间接经验:JaoX/H&H gW
   ------------------------------ %u)P4TN3\jd
   118. "In any field of endeavor—the sciences, the humanities, the social
   sciences, industry, etc.—it is not the attainment of a goal that matters,
   but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to .aT4J@wPx7|
   the goal."
   在所有的物质领域中——科学、人文科学、社会科学、工业等等——能否达到目的并不重要，而在争取达到目的的过程中获得的想法和发现才更重要。5jA-Cy3A9o;m7COm
   过程和结果XB:O)Y3_e0ie
   ------------------------------
   119. "When research priorities are being set for science, education, or @&VTk@t#d.R
   any other area, the most important question to consider is: How many
   people's lives will be improved if the results are successful?"
   当研究的重点被置于科学、教育或者其他领域中时，最重要的问题就是要考虑如果研究获得成功会有多少人的生活得以改善。
   技术进步之改善人民生活
   ------------------------------ E%^._sV]
   120. "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an e` I5Gu~9aQ!x
   understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the
   present."T2r7Smw8P)E3u
   现代社会是如此的崭新和复杂以至于回首了解过去对于当代生活已经没有太大帮助了。 ]A0MOV3{9k]'y
   现在和过去
   ------------------------------ (@c?t8u9i7O8RC5ev
   121. "At various times in the geological past, many species have become MY3C$yt}[
   extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there A9CG.X\Ha
   is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially
   at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species."
   在过去不同的地质时期，许多的物种因为自然作用而非人类行为而灭绝。因此，人类社会为了挽救濒危物种而付出的巨大努力，尤其是以大量的资金和工作机会为代价，这样做是毫无道理的。
   人类和自然——当务之急（资金、工作）和长远考虑（物种）6Li+P)BfU&f,d4u}
   不是人类造成的并不代表人类不必保护物种DY%aUx
   过去不是人类的作用，现在不然&A\~,q I%m8|
   ------------------------------
   122. "We owe almost all our knowledge not to people who have agreed, but Q3D8@*Fth&M*a
   to people who have disagreed."
   我们所掌握的知识差不多都是源于持不同意见者而非意见相同者。V/R^`k\3_
   统一和分歧之知识3GUl1H"nnfi B%Zv
   ------------------------------
   123. "It is possible to identify a person's politics within a very short 6M*|0sDT[
   time of meeting him or her. Everything about people—their clothes, their %Ky4sZY'[!Xe\q'H
   friends, the way they talk, what they eat—reflects their political l)]6{-we]`
   beliefs."
   通过和一个人短时间的接触来了解它的政治信仰是有可能的。和人们有关的一切——人们穿什么样的衣服、结交什么样的朋友、如何说话、吃什么东西——都能够反映出他们的政治信仰。
   政治是无处不在的
   ------------------------------
   124. "Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of fG)FJ!d7C
   these recent developments are designed to save time. Ironically, though,
   instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have
   contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more
   frantic than ever before." )[I"r6w[ vR
   即时食品、即时通讯、更快捷的交通——所有这些最新的发展都是为了节省时间。具有讽刺意味的是，这样的发展并没有带来更过的休闲时间，反而使人们的生活节奏前所未有的匆忙和混乱。2vVSEI_ S4[3R
   技术进步之生活节奏$c p G,wl
   ------------------------------ 5zWIS3An$[6P
   125. "The past is no predictor of the future."
   过去是无法预测未来的。
   过去和未来
   ------------------------------ X1k5P,oW&U
   126. "Society's external rewards are no measure of true success. True P7Pvz1R
   success can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for
   oneself."t?`X,S uQ
   社会给予的客观奖励并不能衡量真正的成功。真正的成功只能是取决于一个人为他自己设定的目标。
   客观和主观.x8P oOTn}
   ------------------------------Pvcc7CgnJ
   127. "Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our
   inclinations, or the dictates of our passions."
   事实都是固执的。它不可能随着我们的愿望、喜好或者情绪而改变。
   客观和主观
   ------------------------------ &nIhQ]
   128. "It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the q+Dy~-Lo/H"b\)_
   mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to
   restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free."*OdQL%X
   教育的目的据称是要解放思想和精神。然而实际上，正规的教育是要遏制我们的思维和精神而不是解放他们。/MEsOMY3_;gp:W
   Spirit可以解释为勇气或者热情
   教育之解放思想EYb;C#r9~C
   ------------------------------
   129. "Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern
   life."
   技术对于现代生活是不可或缺的，但
   ------------------------------
   130. "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. 7n3uIV oS
   Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help B:qdH-@WX$`
   bring about a better society."
   现在孩子的社会化程度决定了社会的命运。可惜的是，我们还没有学会教孩子怎么样去建设一个更好的社会。j Q7pr6NUR"F/s C
   教育之下一代
   ------------------------------
   131. "The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise
   hidden ideas and impulses of a society."
   艺术（绘画、音乐、文学等等）揭示了隐藏的其他方面的社会理念和动力。
   艺术 xFWx(?M{*kv#p
   ------------------------------
   132. "The university community consists of three different worlds—the 7o#]'[BLI
   sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Because each world &Z6?9^3kUE Bb
   operates on its own assumptions and has its own special habits of e;q&E.n1gL;EL"I
   thinking, rarely is there meaningful interaction among the sciences, the
   humanities, and the social sciences."{'qEfQZ0`0p
   大学包括了三个不同的领域——科学、人文学科以及社会学科。因为每一个领域都根据自己的前提运转，每一个领域都有自己独特的思维习惯，所以在自然科学、人文科学和社会科学之间几乎是不存在有意义的交互的。
   学科之间的关系8C2r!UvePH)Dn!jd
   ------------------------------8QAim!vy
   133. "The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: 'We -kg Y/DE8\ i&u2V0W
   live in terrible times.' Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer
   to live in any other time."ghOe7N;Bn:aSP,\J
   现代社会的问题是很多人都在抱怨：“我们生活在一个可怕的时代。”但是假设让他们选择的话，现在的人们仍然会选择现在而不是其他的时代。 cD Nk1y@#t;os,m
   时间
   ------------------------------ .o,hEg~
   134. "Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and
   rhetorical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction 1oC0W)E7p tQ
   of their own beliefs."
   学生们应该被鼓励而意识到思维的敏捷和口齿的伶俐必须和真诚与坚持自己的信仰相伴随存在。7m3fHdmdk
   现实与道德
   ------------------------------
   135. "While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use
   of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to i8~ unHr
   these problems." /Wipi/B{;X a$_~
   虽然我们面临的大多数环境问题都是因为技术的使用，但是社会必须依靠技术来寻求解决的办法。*rcUrYQ4Q&KV:t
   技术对人类的影响之环保
   ------------------------------
   136. "The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare."
   没有选择的情况少之又少。
   独立题目
   ------------------------------ ,]KC7T^/GOr(Q
   137. "What we call progress is a matter of exchanging one problem for
   another." n }7Q%HaXq#pqX
   我们所称之为进步的过程就是从一个问题变化到另一个问题。
   独立j'R3g8x:xRh
   ------------------------------
   138. "Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."9Ab"h'TA/z+ez{
   失败是成功之母
   ------------------------------
   139. "Every new generation needs to redefine 'right' and 'wrong' in its
   own terms and according to the conditions of its own time." a%]!N9XP${(M`
   每一代人都要根据自己时代的情况和自己的说法来重新定义“对与错”。
   时间
   ------------------------------
   140. "What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and #a#C9iZ Ty
   individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent." "TQ5VA,Xo Q,K
   被社会自诩为是它最伟大的社会、政治和个人成就的东西结果往往带来最大的非议。j'`qnPmNl(^*A
   社会和人民大众
   ------------------------------
   141. "Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is (Eo&bc,])Y@)`
   that personal economic success requires conformity."
   虽然大多数人都承认个人的利益，但是事实上个人的经济成功需要的是合作。,T4Z.Q*dMM@8V+qC
   个人和整体} @7HEqquf0@
   ------------------------------ Gp#`S$H#}"I
   142. "The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people
   question authority." l*Nr^+WS
   当很多人都质疑权威的时候社会才会繁荣昌盛。l J.b'~v#A1v:I"Kf
   ------------------------------ %i~z$z-dx+c z
   143. "Artists should pay little attention to their critics.* Criticism
   tends to undermine and constrain the artist's creativity."l8V4QV+uiL/}J
   *those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, *Fr)MZ}
   etc.
   艺术家不必太在乎他们的批评者。批评总是在破坏和压制艺术家的创造力。
   艺术家和批评者（类似题目为压力对学生的影响）R1uY Y}9t(U&R}
   ------------------------------
   144. "It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of
   lasting value." ^*hH)| hK^-f
   *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music,
   paintings, etc..z#H6Wb e4Z/\
   艺术家而不是评论家带给了社会一些具有持久价值的东西。
   *评论家指的是评价艺术作品的人，例如小说、电影、绘画等。
   ------------------------------;Bg#Jm8s0kv
   145. "A crucial test of character is whether one is able to adapt to
   changing social conventions without sacrificing one's principles." .N*ix/U6` m3q5r+k
   对与个性的最大考验在于一个人是否能够适应不断变化的社会规范而不牺牲自己的原则。"Zej7UT'@~
   个体和整体
   convention: 约定，规范。Standard and accepted procedures in programs and systems +^@!^M0HO M8i^1w2Z
   analysis.+q|[2f5|,?
   ------------------------------ *H2y7GQ0W*Nj5sT8g
   146. "People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are P6z/l:YN~B
   the most critical of it."2c0A.QeM8Pm
   对于一种想法或者政策最忠实的人往往是那些对其最严厉的人。
   Critical: Inclined to judge severely and find fault.
   爱挑剔的倾向于进行严厉批判和找岔的a%\K0x!C P+D J?o
   ------------------------------
   147. "Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose
   between them." :y&B:Dg`(M.\ ub
   传统和现代化是水火不容的。人们必须二者选一。V;q `-}+`2ze
   ------------------------------ HY)q/F aX;[l3R
   148. "Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment }rl&A8O;JK"g
   or trouble."
   很多人向往理想主义，但是它实际上总是带来失望或者麻烦。1zb*C5XK6H
   理想和现实
   idealism: The act or practice of envisioning things in an ideal form.
   理想主义用理想的观点看待事物的行为或实践行为
   ------------------------------
   149. "The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is E7b2[1Q(PCe/~
   to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive ;T0_;S$k DzY
   projects." KVcq!Oj;J7W_ B/j
   保护野生环境最实际和最有效的途径就是通过环保的（旅游）项目吸引更多的旅游者来这些地区（旅游）。E q/Oh%b_B
   环保和旅游的关系XA\J@
   sensitive: 敏感的（详细的解释例子见课上讲过的笔记）
   ------------------------------ il6I*[{
   150. "Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can $zJ"A3S*V8R
   now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. 3O-gRt`K,h%a
   As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete."3b7y+?h\ot v
   由于电视和全球范围内的计算机网络，人们现在可以熟悉很多以前从未涉足过的地方。其结果就是使得旅游变得过时了。
   (旅游将会被淘汰)
   技术进步对人类社会的影响之旅游N9@cCy&U{mz
   obsolete: 过时的，废弃的
   ------------------------------
   151. "High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail }a`v.|
   and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication

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