GMAT阅读在很多考生看来文章纷繁复杂以至于不先读懂文章就无法理清文章的主旨脉络，解题找不到出口，其实GMAT阅读的解题思路有章可循, 只是我们不善于去发现规律和运用规律罢了，如果能够找到这一突破口，我们就会发现其实原来束缚自己的是自己的思维惰性。在切入正题之前，不妨让我们先对GMAT阅读文章的特点进行一下简单阐述。GMAT阅读题的设计旨在检验一个人对于文章所阐释的意义，文章所体现的结构特点的分析理解能力，分析性思维是GMAT阅读的一个考察重点，而这种目的性往往会从阅读考题的特点中体现出来。另外我们只要把握了GMAT阅读文章的构思特点，也就意味着我们朝向解题的正确方向迈出了一大步。

先让我们试读下面这篇小短文

Australian researchers have discovered electroreceptor (sensory organs designed to respond to electrical fields) clustered at the tip of the spiny anteater’s snout. The researchers made this discovery by exposing small areas of the snout to extremely weak electrical fields and recording the transmission of resulting nervous activity to the brain. While it is true that tactile receptors, another kind of sensory organ on the anteater’s snout, can also respond to electrical stimuli, such receptors do so only in response to electrical field strengths about 1,000 times greater than those know to excite electroreceptor.

Having discovered the electroreceptor, researchers are now investigating how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated sensory system. In one behavioral experiment, researchers successfully trained an anteater to distinguish between two troughs of water, one with a weak electrical field and the other with none. Such evidence is consistent with researchers’ hypothesis that anteaters use electroreceptor to detect electrical signals given off by prey; however, researchers as yet have been unable to detect electrical signals emanating from termite mounds, where the favorite food of anteaters live. Still, researchers have observed anteaters breaking into a nest of ants at an oblique angle and quickly locating nesting chambers. This ability to quickly locate unseen prey suggests, according to the researchers, that the anteaters were using their electroreceptor to locate the nesting chambers.

如上面这篇短文，我们在读后应能首先根据文章的内容特点分清到底属于哪一类型的文章，科技类，社会科学类还是商业类，这里需要强调的一点是：把握文章主题与文章结构特点要比内容本身更加重要，只有先对文章主题和文章结构把握好，我们才能进入做题阶段。这是一篇现象解释型的文章，通过文章开头讲述科学家通过使食蚁兽鼻子的尖端部位与微弱的电场进行接触并通过记录其鼻尖部分与头部大脑之间的神经传输活动，发现食蚁兽鼻端有一种电应感受器，接着文章作者开始对这一发现进行阐述。文章的结构如下：提出发现→阐述发现→得出结论。

在我们弄清出文章结构以后，我们第二个需要具备的基本条件就是初步掌握阅读理解题的常见题型，包括事实题，推断题，主题思想题及作者观点态度题，许多学生曾经反馈即使知道题干所问及的内容属于哪类题型，但还是无法找出答案，其实这就如同“不识庐山真面目，只缘身在此山中”，我们需要做的就是打破“只见树不见林”的思维，因为任何一个题干所列的问题都已在文章中做过讨论和阐述，只不过因为问题的答案通过这样或那样的方式被改写才造成许多人感觉难以找出答案。

譬如，上篇小短文中有一问题，如下：

The passage suggests that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph who observed anteaters break into a nest of ants would most likely agree with which of the following statements?

(A) The event they observed provides conclusive evidence that anteaters use their electroreceptor to locate unseen prey

显然A答案不正确，理由是，食蚁兽使用其位于鼻子尖端狭小区域的电应感受器来定位猎物的具体位置只是研究人员的一个假设，并未得到最终确定性的证实，而A中使用了conclusive evidence [确凿无疑的证据]，这明显与文章中“Such evidence is consistent with researchers’ hypothesis [假设]that anteaters use electroreceptor to detect electrical signals given off by prey”相互矛盾。

(B) The event they observed was atypical and may not reflect the usual hunting practices of anteaters.

显然B答案也不正确，理由是研究人员所观察到的食蚁兽将其鼻子伸进蚂蚁巢穴，并快速定位蚂蚁巢穴的具体位置本身反映了食蚁兽的习惯性捕食习惯，本题正好与题干所问内容截然相反。

(C) It is likely that the anteaters located the ants’ nesting chambers without the assistance of electroreceptor.

C答案也不对，因为文章结尾提到：This ability to quickly locate unseen prey suggests, according to the researchers, that the anteaters, that the anteaters were using their electroreceptor to locate the nesting chambers.

(D) anteaters possess a very simple sensory system for use in locating prey

D答案错误，文章中提到：研究人员就 “how anteaters utilize such a sophisticated sensory system”展开科学实验研究。其中sophisticated sensory 表明食蚁兽本身的感受系统非常复杂。

(E) The speed with the anteaters located their prey is greater than what might be expected on the basis of chance alone.

几点建议：

1） 认识所读文章的类型及结构

2） 遇到事实题的时候，必须能够找到文章所提供的有关事实的信息点，并将紧挨此信息点前面的内容仔细加以阅读。

3） 排除仿真陈述，即去除那些选项“陈述”看似准确却没有对问题的分析增添任何实用价值的选项，也即“无关”选项。

4） 练习，练习，再练习，从练习中不断进行体会，方能领悟阅读的内涵

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